Fourdrinier-wire screen



Feb. 1 1927. LMQZZ H. R. HARRIGA'N FOURDRINIER wm scREEN ATTORNEYSPewien Fenriszv.

terezzz n. 'Hennrenrn or sonrn nnnrnr, messncnnsn'rrs, nssronon roAnnex- M WBITING' PAPER CMPANY, OF HOLYOKE, MASSACHUSETTS, .tliCORPORATION .GE NEW mwmw.,

EUERINIERPWIBE SCREEN.

Appltcetion flle May 18,19%. eriel It'o. 561,8W.

rli'his invention relntcs to en improved Fonrdrinier Wire screen tor usein paper making machines end hns for its o'hject the p incorporetion insnch e screen, ot means for o watermarking the paper during the processot its menufecture.

'li`he common practice hereto'iore tor Watermerking paper, hes been bynieans ot o dendy roli rotnting in contact with the surface ot the paperbeing carried vupon the Fonrdrinier Wire, `"which dandy roll usnellycarries o screen with nppropriete .mnrkmgs therein for Verying thedenslty of the paper nt certain portions thereof during its menu- Wfocture. The use .of suchl dnndy rolls tor Weterinerking pnper isconfined to papers of the hettor grnde, tor the reeson thnt the actionof the dendy roli requires that the `peperghe run through the mnchine ate slow wrote ot speed ns compared' with the speed of running the mnchinein the mnnutecture of chenper papers.. p lin order theretore', to'enehle peper menufaotnrers to wetermnrh their cheaper grndes w oipepereWith some npproprinte inerh which willi identit their 'product9 i hereolevised' menns Whic cen he incorpornted directly in the Fonrdriniermehingi Wire for cnusing" the Veriehle density in the peper nhoveciescrihed, und which will not in eny way limit the speed in which themachine con he min in the ranking of cheep paper. The idee thusconceived mny'he carried out in difierent weys hy vnrying' the weere otthe hlourdrinier Wire tehric so es to crente :tones thereiniof difierentdrainage cepncitj' tor the removnl of the rnoisture of 'the pnip. As iswell lrnown, the density of theditl'erent portions of the paper being fforrned on the screen Wili hereried in 'sof- 'cordnnce with thegrenteror iess dreinege capacity nt d'i'derent portions of the rnnlring screen,end in creating such zones ot ldiiien ent dreinege capacity on theFourdrinicr Wire screen, the object is nierely to very i the dreinngeenoughl to weterrnerirthe pnpcr end Without ynpprecinbiy Weelreningg;its strength nt said Wnterlrnn-rlred portions. before'steted9 thecreetion in the ti'ourdrinier Wirescreen ot such local erees of reeteror less dreinege they be accomplished y a suficient Variation in theweeve of said Fourdrinier screen. More eleloorate figures forWetermeriring paper inny be incorporated in the lFourdrinier Wire screenby Weaving the same in pattern controlled or decquerd looms. F orillustreting the hronol idee of the invention, E have shown e few simpleforms ot changing the Weeve in seid Fonrdrinier Wire suflicient tocreete the local zones ot difierent dreinnge capacity which will resultin Watermsrking the paper during its mnking.

Reierring to the drewings which show such e simple embodiinent of theinvention- Fig, 1 is e plon ot n portion of n Fourdrinier Wire screen inWhichet intervnls the Weft wires end the Warp wires nre spaced fertherapartA then the normal specing ot seid wires in the body of the ielbric;

lFig. 2 is n deteii section enlarged .of e portion of said iahricshowing the iorinntion ot the paper thereon;

Fig. 3 is o plon of a portion of n Four-i drinier Wire screen showingenother method of changing the wenve therein in which, at intervelsthroughou't, is incorpornted o much henvier Wett Wire end n much heevierWarp Wire then themein wires of. the ehric;

Fig. t is n deteil section eniarged show-' ing the peper being tormed onthe Wire screen of Fig. 32;

Fig. 5 is o plon ot still another form ot n Fonrdrin'ier Wire screen inwhich et intervels throughont, the Werp wires nre spaced ierther sportthan the normal specingot said wires end in which nt interrels heevierWarp wires end heevier Wett wires then the main wires oii the iehric ereincorporoted; end

iiig. t is en enlerged section ofpeper being' orrned on the Wire ot'Fig. 5.

Reterring'more perticulerly tothe drew' ings, the mein Warp wires with'which the Fonrdrinier Wire tehric is 'Woren is indi 'ceted et lt endthe wet't wires nt 2. in the weering of 'thetaoric shown in Fig. i, the

We'it Wire hits ioeen ornitted et interveis to tltl create sp'aces 3,and 4: and at interval's the, Warp wires have likewise been. omitted tol`w1re fabric of F1 s. 1, 3, and 5 will be createspaces, 6 and as shown.

The Fourdrinier wire screen in Fig. 1 Will therefore have at the spaces3, 4, 5, 6, and 7 a greater drainage capacity for removing the waterfrom the pulp in the formation of the paper thanthe closer mesh in themain body of the fabr'ic. The intersect-ion of the spaces 3 and 4 withthe spaces 5, 6, and 7 which are indicated at 8, 9, 10, 11, 12 and 13will have a still greater drainage capacity as will be obvious. Thepaper being formed on such a Fourdrinier Wire screen as shown in Fig. 1will consequently be thicker at the spaccs above indicated and will beless impervious to light at these local zones, j thus giving what isknown as a watermark to the paper. In Fig. 2, an attempt is made toillustrate the different density of the paper as it is ormed on the wirescreen of Fi'. 1. rl`he paper or pulp indicated at P will be drawnthrough the screen to a sli htly 'greater extent at the zone space 5 tan through the close mesh of the remainder of the screen, andthusresultin being more thickly formed at this area.

In, Fig. 3 ll have shown heavier Warp wires 1d and heavier wett wires 15woven into the tabric at spaced intervals, and by heavier-wires, l mean,'heavier than the main warp and Weft wires of said Fourdrinier Wirescreen. rlhe employment of such heavier waropand weft wires will producea slightly less drainage capacity tor the tabric at the areas adja'centsaid hearier wires which will result in the paper being formed ofslightlyless density at said areas. By reference to Fig. 4 which shows asection ot the paper being tormed onthe Wire screen of lFig. 3 it Willbe observed that the aper is thinner or of slightly less densityadyacent .the heavy wire 14 than above the other wires of said fabric,due to the dccreased drainage capacity oi said iahric adjacent saidheavier wires.

5 illustrates a Fourdrinier Wire mal;- ing screen which embodies acombination ot the means shown Figs. 1 and 3 :tor varying the drainagecapacity ot said mal:- ing Wire En this view the wett wires 1 ale spacedapart at intervals to form the spaces.

5 and 7 for increasing the drainage capacity at such areas, and heavicrWarp wires illand heavier weft wires 15 are liitewise woven into thefabric at intervals to decrease the drainage capacity ot the iabricadjaicent said heavicr wires.

Fig. 6 ilinstrates the iorination of the paper on such a making'wire asshown in Fig. 5 wherein it will be seen that the pa-' per is iormcdslightly thinner adjacent the heavicr 'Warp wire 1d and slightly'thiclrer in the space area 5 between the normal Warp wires Itwill beobvious to those skilled in the art that the paper made on theFourdrinier for-med with a di erent density at certain zones which willnot ordinarily be observable in the paper unless the same is held to thelight, in which case, there will be exhibited a plaid-like marking inthe paper of the same nature as a, watermarlr heretofore formed by adandy roll. Inasmu'ch as 'the making wire has incorporated directly init the means for thus watermarlring the paper, it may be used in thepaper making machine in the same manner as the ordinary Fourdrinier Wirescreen and can be run at the desired speeds tor the making of both cheapand better grade papers.

In other wordaahourdrinier Wire screen ot' this Character maybe'employed to watermark any paper made thereon and its speed ot'operation in the paper mam'ng machine is not inany way limited by thefeature of having incorporated therein means :tor vwaterniarking thepaper. 'the value ot this improvement will be appreciatcd by allpapermanuiacturers who clesire to watermark their cheaper grades otpaper and have heretofore found it impossible to do so by reason of thediflicuity in employing a dandy roll when the paper making machine isrun fast enough to get the production necessary tor cheap paper. lt hasbeen found that in attempting to use a dandy roll for watermarlringpaper on a making screen run at high speed in the production ot cheappapers, the dandy roll rolling in, contact with the paper pulp on themaking screen does not'have time to :function properly tor watermarkingthe paper, and moreover, has a tendency to pull the pulp od the makingscreen. Such dificulties are avoided by the use ot a making screen inwhich the means for watermarlring the paper are Ahicorporated directlvinthe making screen as heretofore described0 What l clairn is:

i. A, Fourdrinier woren Wire ahric or paper making having meansin'corporated therein i'or watermarlring paper during the making oi thepaper which means comprises watermarlring ,portions 'frrrned in saidWire :iabric to vary the densitr ci the paper to be :tormed at saidwaterniariring portions suit- -iicicntly to watermarlr said paperwithout weairening the strength the paper said portions.

,A Fourdrinier woven Wire ;tabi'ic for paper making having meansincorporated therein tor waterniarking paper during the making ot thepaper which means coinprises watermarlring portions iformed in said wiretabric by varying the weave thereotq at said portion so as to vary thedensity of the paper to be 'Eornied at said watermarking portionssutficiently to 'withlltl out weakening the strength of said paper atsaid portions.

3. A Fourdrinier woven wire fabric for paper making having meansincorporated therein for watermarking paper during the making of thepaper which means comprises Watermarking porti'ons formed in said o Wirefabric of Closer or more open mesh thanx the main body of said Wirefabric so as to vary the density of the paper to 'be formed 10 at saidwatermark'ing portions sufficiently to Watermark said paper withoutWeakening the strength of said pa )er at saidfportions. In testimonywhereoi 'I' have aflixed my signature.

HERMAN R. HARRIGAN.

